CRA Compliance

Year-end audits for nonprofit organizations entail performing an impartial evaluation of their financial statements and records. The primary objective of these audits is to ensure that the organization's financial statements present an accurate representation of its financial position and performance, adhering to generally accepted accounting principles. Additionally, year-end audits may be necessary to satisfy the requirements of funders, lenders, or regulatory bodies, and are widely regarded as a best practice for ensuring effective governance.

During the audit process, auditors carefully scrutinize the financial records, internal controls, and adherence to applicable laws and regulations within nonprofit organizations. Additionally, they assess the precision of the financial statements and provide an opinion on their credibility. The findings of the audit are typically documented in a comprehensive report that is accessible to stakeholders, including members, donors, and government agencies.

What is the purpose of conducting a year-end audit for your organization?

In Canada, the majority of nonprofit organizations must undergo a year-end audit under specific circumstances, such as having annual revenues surpass a specific threshold or if required by funders or governing legislation. The purpose of this audit extends beyond guaranteeing adherence to accounting standards; it also serves to assess the organization's efficient utilization of resources and its alignment with its mission and objectives. Frequently, the audited financial statements are made accessible on the organization's website, enabling a diverse range of stakeholders to access them.

Latest audit trends

We have identified four emerging audit trends for this year:

• Rising business costs and evolving auditing standards are causing an increase in audit fees.
• Delays in initiating and completing audits are occurring due to personnel shortages.
• Lack of preparedness from organizations for audits results in unforeseen and additional billing.
• Auditors have minimal tolerance for alterations once the audit process has begun.

What steps can be taken to enhance preparedness for audits?

It all starts with effective bookkeeping and record-keeping practices. When an organization is committed and consistent in handling its finances, there is a stronger sense of trust in the numbers. As a result, there is less need for extensive scrutiny, testing, and adjustments by auditors. Additionally, accurate reporting leads to reduced audit fees and shorter completion times. This, in turn, minimizes unexpected surprises and prevents management and board members from having to revise plans and expectations based on faulty assumptions.

The importance of Year-End Reporting

Year-end reporting surpasses its role as a mere GAAP requirement. Its significance extends greatly, as stakeholders and funders frequently request it, while Board members depend on the "actual" results to inform their forecasting and budgeting efforts for the upcoming year. Moreover, donors require tax receipts, and the reporting itself is essential for tax filing purposes. In order to prevent crucial steps from being overlooked, nonprofits should take into account the following checklist for year-end activities:

1. Establish deadlines for year-end closure
2. Gather all relevant documents, whether in digital or hard copy format
3. Ensure that accounting software is current and transactions are up-to-date
4. Provide tax receipts to donors
5. Remain updated regarding any potential audits, review engagements, or notices to readers
6. Validate the audit plan and schedule with your accounting firm
7. Inform the team of their responsibilities during the audit process
8. Share draft audit financials with the leadership team and board
9. Finalize financial statements to prepare for necessary filings
10. Create financial summaries for inclusion in the annual report.

Board reporting and governance

Board reporting plays a crucial role in the governance of nonprofit organizations. It serves as a means to provide the board of directors with consistent, timely, and pertinent information regarding the organization's activities, financial performance, and risk mitigation. By presenting this information, board reporting enables the board to uphold its fiduciary duties, make well-informed choices, and exercise effective oversight over the management of the organization.

Effective reporting enhances transparency among stakeholders, facilitates decision-making, ensures accountability in governance, and simplifies risk management. Essential board reports encompass:

1. Annual Financial Statements
2. Auditor Reports (including audit plan and results)
3. Budget Report
4. Cash Flow Forecast
5. Financial Forecast

Updates in 2023

The positive news is that in 2023, there have been limited alterations to accounting standards, which means your year-end audit process may resemble that of the previous year. The changes to Canadian accounting standards for nonprofit organizations in 2023 include:

1. Introduction of a new section, Section 4449, addressing Combinations by Not-For-Profit Organizations. This change applies to fiscal years starting from January 1, 2022.
2. Modification to the scope of Section 4434, which addresses Intangible Assets Held by Not-For-Profit Organizations. The update integrates the addition of AcG-20, which encompasses Customer's Accounting for Cloud Computing Arrangements, into Part II of the CPA Canada Handbook. This modification applies to fiscal years commencing on or after January 1, 2024.

What can you anticipate during the course of your audit?

In order to facilitate a seamless audit process, it is essential to undertake several important steps during the preparation phase. First, consider setting up a finance committee or Board of Directors meeting to discuss the upcoming audit and align expectations. It is also beneficial to arrange a pre-audit meeting with the auditors to establish clear objectives and review the audit process.

It’s highly important to ensure the accuracy and currency of your financial records while gathering all the necessary documentation required for the audit. It is also essential to document your organization's policies, processes, and internal controls clearly.

During the audit, maintain regular communication with the audit field staff. Stay proactive in checking for updates, addressing outstanding items, and discussing any audit findings. Additionally, keep your finance committee informed about any significant issues or matters that arise during the audit.

After the completion of the audit, it is recommended to arrange a meeting with either the finance committee or the Board of Directors to thoroughly review the audit findings. Documenting the results and recommendations in a "Management Recommendation" letter is a recommended best practice. This letter will serve as a record of the audit outcomes and provide a basis for implementing any necessary improvements or corrective actions.

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